Noticing bloody stool can be alarming and is often linked to hemorrhoids. However, several other health conditions may also cause this symptom. Therefore, understanding the possible causes and knowing when to seek medical attention is essential.

What Does Bloody Stool Look Like?

Blood in stool does not always appear as fresh, bright red blood. In many cases, it may be darker in color. The shade and appearance of the blood can provide clues about the source and underlying cause of the bleeding. Careful observation of these characteristics can help identify potential health issues.

Bright red blood

Bright red blood in stool typically originates from the lower digestive tract, such as the rectum or anus.

Dark red blood

Dark red blood mixed with stool usually indicates bleeding from the middle digestive tract, suggesting an issue in the colon or intestinal walls.

Black blood

Black blood often turns the stool black as well. This discoloration suggests bleeding in the upper digestive tract, such as the stomach or small intestine.

Possible Causes of Bloody Stool

While hemorrhoids are a common cause of red blood in stool due to excessive pressure in the rectum—often caused by excessive pressure from straining, pregnancy, or chronic constipation—several other conditions may also contribute to this symptom.

Anal Fissure

Anal fissures are small tears in the anal lining, often resulting from excessive straining.

This condition is usually not severe and tends to heal on its own. However, preventing excessive straining, maintaining hydration, and consuming fiber-rich foods can help reduce the risk of anal fissures.

Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD)

IBD refers to chronic inflammation of the intestinal lining, which can affect both the small and large intestines. In addition to blood in stool, symptoms of IBD may include diarrhea, unintentional weight loss, fever, anemia, and severe abdominal pain. In children, this condition can also lead to stunted growth.

Diverticulosis and Diverticulitis

Diverticulosis occurs when small pouches (diverticula) form along the intestinal walls. If these pouches become inflamed or infected, the condition is referred to as diverticulitis.

Symptoms of diverticulitis include severe abdominal pain, fever, and the presence of bloody stool.

Gastrointestinal Infections

Bacterial, viral, or parasitic infections can cause inflammation in the digestive tract, leading to bleeding. Gastrointestinal infections often present with additional symptoms such as diarrhea, nausea, vomiting, and fever. Stool analysis is typically necessary to identify the specific pathogen responsible for the infection to ensure appropriate treatment.

Colon Polyps or Colorectal Cancer

Both colon polyps and colorectal cancer can cause blood in stool.

Polyps are abnormal growths on the intestinal lining that vary in size. Larger polyps are more likely to bleed.

Colorectal cancer may also lead to blood in stool, often accompanied by symptoms such as unexplained weight loss, changes in bowel habits, and persistent fatigue.

Not all cases of blood in stool require emergency care. However, medical evaluation is necessary if you experience persistent or heavy bleeding, bleeding accompanied by severe abdominal pain or unexplained weight loss, or black, tar-like stools with a strong, unpleasant odor.

If you experience any of these symptoms, consult a doctor as soon as possible. You can also use the consultation feature on the Ai Care application, available for download on the App Store or Play Store.

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