Eating fish during pregnancy is crucial for its nutritional benefits. Fish is a rich source of protein, omega-3 fatty acids, and vitamin D, all of which support maternal and fetal health.

However, choosing the right type of fish is essential. Certain fish contain mercury, which can pose risks to the health of both pregnant women and their developing babies.

Why is Mercury Harmful During Pregnancy?

Mercury is a toxic heavy metal commonly found in the environment, particularly in oceans, as a result of industrial activities and improper waste disposal.

This pollution contaminates marine ecosystems, exposing fish to mercury. Larger predatory fish, such as sharks, tuna, and mackerel, tend to accumulate higher mercury levels.

When consumed, mercury can cross the placenta and affect the fetus. Its neurotoxic properties make it particularly harmful, as it can disrupt fetal development.

Negative Effects of Mercury on the Fetus

Mercury exposure during pregnancy can seriously impact the developing nervous system of the fetus. Potential health risks include:

Brain Development Issues

Mercury can interfere with brain and nervous system development. This may lead to cognitive delays, such as difficulties with speech, thinking, and comprehension. Children exposed to mercury in utero may face learning disabilities, intellectual challenges, and behavioral issues later in life.

Motor and Coordination Problems

Mercury exposure can impair the development of motor skills, leading to difficulties in muscle coordination and reflexes. Fine motor tasks, like grasping objects, writing, and activities requiring hand-eye coordination, can be especially challenging for children exposed to mercury before birth.

Premature Birth and Low Birth Weight

High mercury exposure during pregnancy increases the likelihood of premature delivery and low birth weight.

Mercury disrupts the transfer of essential nutrients such as protein, healthy fats, vitamins and minerals, from the mother to the fetus, affecting the baby’s growth. It also interferes with hormonal systems critical for development, potentially leading to reduced weight and length at birth.

In addition to fetal risks, pregnant women exposed to mercury may experience neurological symptoms, including memory loss, sleep disturbances, muscle weakness, and tingling in the extremities.

Can Pregnant Women Eat Fish?

Not all fish contain harmful levels of mercury, so fish can still be safely included in a pregnancy diet.

It is advisable to avoid fish with high mercury concentrations, such as sharks, mackerel, bluefin tuna, and swordfish. Opt for low-mercury, nutrient-rich fish, like salmon, sardines, and anchovies. Freshwater options such as tilapia, snakehead fish, and catfish are also safer choices.

For personalized guidance, consult a healthcare professional. You can also use the doctor consultation feature on the Ai Care app, available for download on the App Store or Play Store.

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