The testes play an important role in the male reproductive system. They produce sperm and the hormone testosterone. To keep your reproductive system functioning properly, you need to keep your testicles and other organs healthy.

What are testicles?

The testicles are a pair of oval-shaped male reproductive organs found in the scrotum behind the penis. The location of the testicles outside the abdomen makes them cooler than the body temperature, providing an ideal environment for sperm cell development. Apart from the testicles, the male reproductive system consists of the epididymis, vas deferens, penis, and prostate gland.

The anatomy of testicles

Normally, all men are born with two testicles. The testes are located inside the scrotum,, which contains a network of blood vessels and nerves that support testicular function and health. Adult males' testes measure about 2-3 cm wide and 3-5 cm long. The testes grow in size until adulthood, then shrink due to a natural decline in testosterone.

The testes are made up of several lobes connected by a network of narrow tubes known as seminiferous tubules. This is where sperm are produced. As sperm cells develop and mature, they pass through the seminiferous tubules and into the rete testis, a larger duct.

The sperm cells are then transferred to the epididymis, a tightly coiled tube located outside each testicle. This is where the sperm cells are stored and mature.

Function of the testicles

In general, the testes have two functions:

• Produce testosterone

Testosterone is a hormone that helps men define their identities by regulating facial and body hair growth and increasing muscle mass. Testosterone also impacts sexual arousal, sexual function, and fertility in men.

• Produce sperm

Another critical function of the testes is to produce sperm. Men can produce sperm cells all the time. Unlike egg production in women, which only takes place before menopause, men can produce millions of sperm every day. Sperm cell maturation typically begins in the testes but is most commonly initiated in the epididymis.

How to maintain testicular health

Given the importance of the testes in the male reproductive system, you must maintain their health. Any problems with the testicles can have an effect on overall health. Ways to maintain testicular health include the following:

• Perform regular testicular examinations

It is a good idea to check your testicles once a month. Palpate your hands in the scrotal area to see if there is a sudden lump or swelling in the testicular area.

• Clean regularly

The testicular area should also be cleaned on a regular basis while bathing. Cleaning the area on a regular basis can help prevent infections and other complications, such as those in the testicles and penis. After bathing, thoroughly dry the area to prevent bacterial growth.

• Wear loose-fitting clothes

Avoid wearing underwear that is too tight. To prevent heat and injury, wear loose underwear that allows your scrotum to hang freely.

• Avoid having unprotected casual sex

Casual sex without protection increases the risk of sexually transmitted infections, affecting the penis and testicles. To reduce the risk, avoid having casual sex, particularly with new partners and without a condom.

The testicles are one of the male reproductive organs responsible for sperm production. If you notice any problems with your testicles or penis, you should see a doctor immediately.

If you need medical advice or consultation, you can either visit a doctor or make use of the consultation features that are available in the Ai Care application by downloading the Ai Care application from the App Store or Play Store.

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