A urine test, also known as a urine examination, is a test that checks for changes in the composition and appearance of urine. Urine tests can detect and measure various compounds using just one urine sample.

Find out what types of urine tests are available along with their functions.

Urine Protein Test

A urine protein test is performed to measure the levels of certain proteins, such as albumin. This test is most commonly performed when doctors suspect signs of kidney disease. The urine protein test is also used as a routine check for kidney problems in people with diabetes.

Urine pH Level Test

A urine pH level test is performed to analyze the acidity of a urine sample. The test is painless as you are only asked to collect a urine sample.

This test measures the acidity level in the urine. A urine pH result that is too high may indicate kidney problems and urinary tract infections. Conversely, a urine pH that is too low may indicate conditions such as a serious condition linked to diabetes that makes the blood too acidic (diabetic ketoacidosis) and diarrhea.

Urine Ketone Test

A urine ketone test is done to monitor the level of ketones in the body. Urine containing ketones is normal, but too high levels of ketones indicate that the body is too acidic, a condition known as ketoacidosis.

For example, diabetic ketoacidosis is a serious condition that needs urgent treatment. If you have diabetes, then a urine ketone test helps detect high ketone levels early so that you can get immediate treatment.

Urine Glucose Test

A urine glucose test is done to measure the level of sugar (glucose) in the urine. High sugar levels in urine can be a sign of a health problem. Without treatment, allowing sugar levels to remain high increases the risk of serious complications.

Bilirubin Test

To determine the level of bilirubin in the blood, a bilirubin test can be done by testing a urine sample. Bilirubin is a yellow substance made by the liver.

Having high bilirubin in the urine may indicate liver problems or problems in the bile ducts.

Urine Nitrite Test

Testing for nitrite in the urine is done to see if it is present in the urine. Nitrites may be a sign of a urinary tract infection (UTI). UTIs can be caused by various bacteria, which convert a normal chemical in the urine called nitrate into nitrite.

Leukocyte Esterase Urine Test

A urine test for white blood cell activity is performed to detect inflammation in the urinary tract or kidneys. This inflammation can be detected if the level of leukocyte esterase (an enzyme found in white blood cells) is high enough.

Urine Specific Gravity Test

A test to check how well the kidneys balance water and waste is performed to measure the kidneys' ability to maintain the right balance of fluids and remove waste. This test is important for diagnosing some health conditions that affect the water content of urine.

Urine tests are recommended by doctors as a routine check for early signs of certain health conditions, such as diabetes or kidney disease. It may also be recommended before surgery or to diagnose a urinary tract infection.

If you need medical advice or consultation, visit a doctor or use the Ai Care application by downloading it from the App Store or Google Play Store.

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