Uterine fibroids are a common uterine health issue that should not be overlooked. Initially, this condition may not show any noticeable signs, but as fibroids grow larger, symptoms like abnormal menstrual bleeding and menstrual-related discomfort can occur. So, what are the symptoms of uterine fibroids that you need to know? Find out in the article below.

What Are Uterine Fibroids?

Uterine fibroids are growths of tissue that develop either inside or outside the uterus. Often referred to as leiomyomas or myomas, these growths are benign and rarely develop into cancer. Additionally, fibroids are not linked to an increased risk of uterine cancer.

Fibroids can vary significantly in size and number. Some are so small they cannot be seen without a microscope, while others can grow large enough to fill the pelvic cavity, making the abdomen appear swollen, resembling pregnancy.

Symptoms of Uterine Fibroids

In many cases, uterine fibroids remain asymptomatic until they reach a significant size. Frequently, women discover they have fibroids during routine ultrasounds or pelvic examinations.

Common symptoms include:

• Heavy and painful menstrual bleeding
• Prolonged or more frequent menstrual cycles
• Pelvic pressure or discomfort
• Frequent urination due to pressure on the bladder
• Difficulty emptying the bladder completely
• Constipation
• Pain in the abdomen or lower back
• Discomfort during sexual intercourse

The severity of symptoms often depends on the size and location of the fibroids. Small fibroids might not cause symptoms, but larger ones can lead to significant pain and discomfort.

Seek medical attention promptly if you experience:

• Persistent pelvic pain
• Heavy menstrual bleeding that interferes with daily life
• Spotting or bleeding between periods
• Trouble emptying the bladder
• Signs of anemia, such as extreme fatigue or weakness

Causes of Uterine Fibroids

The exact cause of uterine fibroids is unknown, but they are believed to be influenced by the hormones estrogen and progesterone. Fibroids commonly occur during reproductive years.

When hormone levels rise, such as during pregnancy, fibroids can grow larger. Conversely, they tend to shrink during menopause when hormone levels decline.

Certain factors can increase the risk of developing fibroids, including:

• Obesity or a higher body mass index (BMI)
• A family history of fibroids
• Not having children
• Early onset of menstruation
• Late onset of menopause

Treatment Options for Uterine Fibroids

The approach to treating uterine fibroids depends on their size, location, number, and the symptoms they cause. For small, asymptomatic fibroids, doctors may recommend observation without specific treatment.

For fibroids causing symptoms like excessive bleeding, severe pain, or urinary difficulties, treatment options include:

• Medications: Pain relievers, iron supplements, contraceptives, and hormonal treatments may help reduce symptoms or shrink fibroids.
• Surgery: For larger or problematic fibroids, procedures like myomectomy, hysteroscopy, laparoscopy, laparotomy, or hysterectomy may be considered, based on factors such as fibroid size and fertility plans.

If you experience abnormal menstrual bleeding accompanied by other symptoms, consult a doctor promptly. You can also access medical consultations using the Ai Care app, available on the App Store or Play Store.

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