Stress-related disorders and mental health issues don't just affect emotional well-being but can also impact physical health. This condition is referred to as psychosomatic disorder. While the exact cause of psychosomatic disorder remains unclear, several theories suggest that stress and depression can contribute to physical health problems.

What is Psychosomatic Disorder?

The term psychosomatic is derived from two words: "psycho," which relates to the mind, and "somatic," which pertains to the body. Psychosomatic disorder occurs when mental stress and emotional strain negatively impact physical health. This disorder can be understood as any physical condition that worsens due to stress.

Stress influences the body in multiple ways, including affecting physical health, leading to conditions such as heart disease, digestive disturbances, and skin disorders. This is why, during periods of extreme stress or depression, some individuals may experience additional symptoms like itching, chest discomfort, trembling, shaking, or difficulty sleeping.

Causes of Psychosomatic Disorder

Stress impacts individuals differently. Some people may develop psychosomatic disorder, while others may not. Although the exact cause of psychosomatic disorder remains uncertain, experts compare it to a machine operating under constant strain, eventually leading to a breakdown.

This disorder is believed to result from various bodily changes, including:

• A shift in the autonomic nervous system from parasympathetic to sympathetic control, triggering the fight-or-flight response.
• Alterations in the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis, which adjusts hormone levels in response to stress.
• Increased heart rate, blood pressure, and breathing rate.
• Elevated blood sugar levels.
• Greater blood flow to skeletal muscles.
• Inflammation.
• Reduced recovery and healing activity.
• Changes in digestive function.
• Decreased blood flow to the prefrontal cortex, the brain region responsible for focus, impulse control, and emotional regulation.

Some individuals can handle acute stress both physically and mentally. However, chronic stress can take a toll on both the body and mind, especially if one is naturally more reactive to stress. Frequent exposure to stress can make the body more vulnerable to psychosomatic disorder.

Symptoms of Psychosomatic Disorder

The symptoms of psychosomatic disorder vary from person to person. Some possible symptoms include:

• Gastrointestinal issues
• Dizziness or shaking
• Headaches
• Muscle discomfort
• Irregular heartbeat
• High blood pressure

Treating Psychosomatic Disorder

Managing psychosomatic disorders requires addressing both physical and psychological conditions. For instance, if a psychosomatic disorder results in headaches, a doctor may prescribe pain relievers or other headache treatments. The same approach applies to symptoms such as digestive issues or neck discomfort.

For mental health concerns, doctors may suggest stress management techniques, including:

• Cognitive behavioral therapy
• Mindfulness therapy
• Medications such as antidepressants or anti-anxiety drugs

Beyond these treatments, certain lifestyle changes can also help manage psychosomatic disorders, such as:

• Maintaining a nutritious diet
• Getting sufficient sleep
• Keeping a journal
• Managing weight
• Engaging in regular exercise
• Talking with friends
• Pursuing enjoyable activities
• Setting realistic expectations and distinguishing between what can and cannot be controlled
• Seeking professional assistance for mental health concerns

Psychosomatic disorders refer to physical health issues triggered by stress or other mental health conditions. If you experience unexplained physical symptoms, it is advisable to consult a doctor. You can also access consultation services through the Ai Care application, available for download on the App Store or Play Store.

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